Allostery and cooperativity revisited

A review. Although phenomenol. models that account for cooperativity in allosteric systems date back to the early and mid-​60's [e.g., the D. E. Koshland, G. Nemethy, and D. Filmer, 1966 (KNF) and J. Momod, J. Wyman, and J. P. Changeux, 1965 (MWC) models]​, there is resurgent interest in the topic due to the recent exptl. and computational studies that attempted to reveal, at an atomistic level, how allostery actually works. Here, using systems for which atomistic simulations have been carried out in their groups as examples, the authors describe the current understanding of allostery and how the mechanisms go beyond the classical MWC​/Pauling-​KNF descriptions, and point out that the "new view" of allostery, emphasizing "population shifts,​" is, in fact, an "old view.". The presentation offers not only an up-​to-​date description of allostery from a theor.​/computational perspective, but also helps to resolve several outstanding issues concerning allostery.